{"id":"W4321851696","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-24340-0_16","title":"Opinion Spam Detection with Attention-Based LSTM Networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in computer science","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000848969,0.000487263,0.000376232,0.0009721245,0.0004292868,0.0007432322,0.001783543,0.0003955888,0.000006281776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004956708,0.0004298937,0.0001301152,0.0013338,0.0003626463,0.0005808155,0.000403262,0.0009225302,0.00006726785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003131196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003170232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000694249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003241359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964339,0.00004410435,0.0003889905,0.001525791,0.001000792,0.0006064964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976822,0.0004209485,0.0003043785,0.001188439,0.0002484288,0.0001555687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001915665,0.00001803228,0.0001315283,0.00003477449,0.00001294606,0.00003960072,0.00008950382,0.4390243,0.0001022798,0.001863588,0.00001672938,0.5586476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000304437,0.0003953463,0.0007523886,0.0004901778,0.000007687156,0.00004243458,7.195693e-8,0.9774377,0.0005711917,0.0188453,0.0005813434,0.0005719457],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006501131,0.0001018053,0.9917603,0.0003721693,0.006193526,0.000368326,0.000001696477,0.0006241047,0.000513057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8428417,0.00007849438,0.1516114,0.001643564,0.002904807,0.00005656019,0.00002915602,0.0001612354,0.0006730048],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8427767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01594542915386963,"score_gpt":0.2259857092799189,"score_spread":0.2100402801260493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}