{"id":"W4322771347","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11030169","title":"Methylene Blue-Modified Biochar from Sugarcane for the Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Four DNA Bases","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosensors","topic":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Biochar; Methylene blue; Detection limit; Guanine; Thymine; DNA; Electrochemistry; Cytosine; Chemistry; Electrode; Nuclear chemistry; Nucleobase; Analyte; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Gene; Pyrolysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001747144,0.0001843234,0.0002212486,0.00005435166,0.0001057444,0.00001113899,0.0001859546,0.0001917138,0.000001730345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007167701,0.0001360488,0.0002203489,0.0002704508,0.0001358499,0.000002025915,0.00006308263,0.00008762737,0.000003136406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001631554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002314837,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002639627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002994397,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989166,0.00003448542,0.0002448589,0.0003867124,0.0001420198,0.0002753681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989231,0.0003219551,0.000132089,0.0004146183,0.000158833,0.00004941054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002081966,0.00002120128,0.000007489722,0.00001105137,0.0001253842,0.000002092337,0.00001584985,0.00006659635,0.9903576,0.000002863033,0.0002882929,0.008893419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002804131,0.0001537782,0.00002129763,0.00000916493,0.0001003866,0.000004682979,0.0001018771,0.00286171,0.9904062,0.0001418645,0.005743855,0.0001747678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881023,0.0002677932,0.01086825,0.000278908,0.00005858453,0.000229351,0.00007637819,0.00009595492,0.00002252832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969204,0.0003845005,0.001622665,0.0001217089,0.000268723,0.00002416788,0.0002425722,0.00003159366,0.0003836743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009245584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.554791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01712641547292535,"score_gpt":0.2741469622050247,"score_spread":0.2570205467320993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}