{"id":"W4323074328","doi":"10.2147/copd.s389281","title":"Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Utilization and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Initiating Single-Inhaler Long-Acting β2-Agonist/Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist Dual Therapy in Primary Care in England","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of COPD","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Inhaler; Muscarinic antagonist; Pulmonary disease; Lama; Primary care; Agonist; COPD; Antagonist; Intensive care medicine; Dry-powder inhaler; Bronchodilator; Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor; Internal medicine; Asthma; Family medicine; Receptor","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002936436,0.0002815312,0.0006434086,0.0006000879,0.00007287476,0.00005350207,0.0001745876,0.0001013416,0.00003294289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002620667,0.0002307066,0.0001888963,0.0003146964,0.0001624656,0.0004052399,0.0001221873,0.0004804856,0.000001490032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002314923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001132445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002907075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005860306,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967279,0.0002824514,0.001195577,0.0003919074,0.001040742,0.0003614323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997321,0.0005619852,0.0007895528,0.0001928115,0.0008657234,0.000268987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002888141,0.0005281176,0.7153907,0.0002945198,0.0002359716,0.001841651,0.0007370122,0.00004512806,0.00001312041,0.000002065065,3.396211e-7,0.2780232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009344146,0.0009922514,0.9869238,0.001016521,0.00005901328,0.00007517159,0.000988742,0.0003001055,0.00005275409,0.00002052798,0.00005116914,0.0001757907],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966558,0.001492237,0.00002155105,0.0004037338,0.000445106,0.0006370115,0.0002388714,0.0000184772,0.00008719785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975733,0.001246468,0.00007420264,0.00005960862,0.0003332786,0.00001877815,0.0006319781,0.00004892096,0.00001349478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2778474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9407943,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05094090873435108,"score_gpt":0.3657996623719009,"score_spread":0.3148587536375498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}