{"id":"W4323285599","doi":"10.18178/ijssh.2017.v7.862","title":"History of Computing in Saudi Arabia: A Cultural Perspective","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Social Science and Humanity","topic":"Socioeconomic Development in MENA","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; York University","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002571867,0.00004411915,0.0001262346,0.0001268155,0.0006364529,0.0001463961,0.0008457212,0.00003215887,0.00006480115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001067852,0.00004262434,0.00004095693,0.0000322694,0.002492079,0.0009471842,0.00011152,0.000146379,0.000001536818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002869056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001020194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001818942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007091043,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988469,0.00004312485,0.0002358036,0.00009124447,0.0006538246,0.0001290553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979911,0.00004938584,0.0006091786,0.00003620857,0.001267585,0.00004658419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000286302,0.00009305089,0.07058938,0.000002983057,0.00003851225,0.00001540648,0.5386094,7.476495e-7,0.0005933518,0.3812065,0.001621262,0.007200772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004524845,0.00002196289,0.9092803,0.00003750616,0.000005243418,0.000003750846,0.06814131,0.000009441448,0.00003145181,0.01212881,0.009798808,0.00008890206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8252794,0.00005645224,0.000005523581,0.001546976,0.001371181,0.00003353129,7.567913e-7,0.000002321406,0.1717038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989218,0.00004952601,0.0001476636,0.0001037777,0.0004568977,2.526868e-7,5.758676e-8,0.000001499801,0.000318566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8386909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9182169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05830292550231926,"score_gpt":0.37934628459961,"score_spread":0.3210433590972907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}