{"id":"W4323314533","doi":"10.1017/epi.2023.12","title":"Analysis of Beliefs Acquired from a Conversational AI: Instruments-based Beliefs, Testimony-based Beliefs, and Technology-based Beliefs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Episteme","topic":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Psychology; Natural (archaeology); Epistemology; Phenomenon; Social psychology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001924804,0.0003954972,0.0008777283,0.001358528,0.001201071,0.0002259083,0.0006993586,0.0007737285,0.0004088486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002240468,0.0004275468,0.0003487514,0.005103088,0.002141545,0.0003462473,0.0001245491,0.0003926703,0.00006874827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000305679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001860123,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009875988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006896496,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957453,0.000340465,0.0008312038,0.0007785718,0.001491815,0.0008126458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962938,0.001270593,0.0005430077,0.0006283316,0.000875392,0.0003888796],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002689347,0.001460085,0.8827002,0.0003737618,0.003870036,0.0001032721,0.01802559,0.00468507,0.009692948,0.05768587,0.01112636,0.01000789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01684708,0.001951423,0.7286502,0.001725737,0.004236162,6.98454e-7,0.00946865,0.07766385,0.01300415,0.07604747,0.06587926,0.004525389],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8220376,0.0005425816,0.0006972062,0.1686323,0.000678139,0.001219134,0.00197086,0.001060878,0.003161292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934855,0.00006188049,0.001686968,0.003102322,0.0002251894,0.00006817833,0.0008196755,0.0000459789,0.0005043715],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1714478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03331720716060907,"score_gpt":0.3399926944143284,"score_spread":0.3066754872537193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}