{"id":"W4323653026","doi":"10.1002/eap.2836","title":"Long‐term exclusion of invasive ungulates alters tree recruitment and functional traits but not total forest carbon","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Applications","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment","keywords":"Ungulate; Exclosure; Ecology; Biology; Ecosystem; Understory; Herbivore; Biomass (ecology); Forest ecology; Species diversity; Habitat; Canopy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001077108,0.0001824908,0.0002162344,0.0001390745,0.0001574145,0.0003302283,0.0001291677,0.0001446786,0.0008642359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001918441,0.0001197871,0.00008622533,0.00008470653,0.000271479,0.000196,0.0001901528,0.00029232,0.00007172526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002264942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001095648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00629583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01933756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999433,0.000006250258,0.00000385385,0.00001730273,0.000008286416,0.00002097398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997364,0.00003099104,0.00009498444,0.00001710445,0.00001972527,0.0001007322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002121719,0.0005591514,0.1677839,0.00005710408,0.0000675057,0.0002345871,0.0003012808,0.0002384678,0.8195565,0.00007917471,0.0001648818,0.008835746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009816704,0.0004516705,0.9919043,0.000005317608,0.00002178268,0.0001308587,0.0001828781,0.0006829835,0.00627775,0.00002266317,0.0003044222,0.000005432354],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998229,0.00003010186,0.00002357673,0.000003030289,8.456327e-7,6.684161e-7,0.00001572164,0.000002161587,0.0001009812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994898,0.00003285306,0.00005683949,0.00001659041,0.000001081404,0.000003161825,0.0000814947,0.000002090582,0.0003161179],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00629583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01251835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04217971890027659,"score_gpt":0.2494861812873161,"score_spread":0.2073064623870395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}