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Simon Fraser University; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; Leverhulme Trust; European Commission; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; University of Bath; Government of Jiangsu Province; Japan Science and Technology Agency; U.S. Department of Energy; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; JST-Mirai Program; U.S. Department of Commerce; Cardiff University; Royal Society of Chemistry; Canada Research Chairs; Eusko Jaurlaritza; Royal Society; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; National Research Foundation; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; National Science Foundation; Honeywell; University of Calgary; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Freistaat Sachsen; Center for Hierarchical Materials Design; Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels; European Regional Development Fund","keywords":"Energy harvesting; Key (lock); Photovoltaic system; Computer science; Electricity; Renewable energy; Systems engineering; Architectural engineering; Energy (signal processing); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005110422,0.0002646575,0.0006004181,0.0001533482,0.00007398351,0.0001875275,0.0002436514,0.00008735295,0.0001601307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001200915,0.0002323673,0.00008072337,0.0002428703,0.0000313516,0.0003683961,0.00004080248,0.0000755309,0.0001523839],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005517279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001964377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001454427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.578854e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998265,0.0001013767,0.0008141898,0.0001361277,0.0002973897,0.0003858841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990946,0.0001294261,0.0003425277,0.0002190258,0.0001033708,0.000111067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003712996,0.0000151155,0.000002462069,0.00007448152,0.00005233522,0.00006100137,0.00005765,0.05467268,0.9370025,0.004267336,0.00185954,0.001897806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003228794,0.0000918905,0.0001956798,0.0001992168,0.00002157669,0.00003280785,0.00001970505,0.00005061841,0.9877461,0.007336174,0.003746273,0.0002371108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923581,0.00001886462,0.001208987,0.00003163675,0.004875069,0.00004045783,0.00006457813,0.0003360067,0.001066274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957225,0.0001296478,0.0007134611,0.0000644376,0.002834752,0.000006126401,0.00002645247,0.0001029482,0.0003997294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05462206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9475664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02114561905273825,"score_gpt":0.2351574939088898,"score_spread":0.2140118748561516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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