{"id":"W4327741525","doi":"10.3390/languages8010086","title":"The Role of Context in Learning to Read Languages That Use Different Writing Systems and Scripts: Urdu and English","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Languages","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Urdu; Scripting language; Linguistics; Language acquisition; Psychology; Context (archaeology); Multilingualism; Literacy; Reading (process); Language assessment; Computer science; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003583028,0.0001028681,0.0001818574,0.0001106151,0.0000762761,0.0001219471,0.00007715767,0.00004963203,0.0000120881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002574246,0.00007089802,0.00001524895,0.0001178201,0.00004529739,0.00005460722,0.00007280328,0.0001340415,0.000008551478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001285728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000346147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00171051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001842256,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991164,0.0001629742,0.0001873171,0.0001979818,0.0001036806,0.000231601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991032,0.0006111889,0.00006013832,0.0001488576,0.00002586752,0.00005069979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003199451,0.00001445904,0.7349877,0.00004286037,0.00004096054,0.00004773869,0.1471315,0.000005873971,0.0008745844,0.002614005,0.0005291466,0.1136791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003125895,0.00004495559,0.4944092,0.0002820629,0.00000687084,0.000009769456,0.4838844,0.00008517163,0.0003001671,0.00001084203,0.02053422,0.0001197033],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844023,0.01178586,0.000001561564,0.00010861,0.0001705099,0.0001682489,0.000008490566,0.00007870854,0.003275719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932659,0.0001420047,0.00001860611,0.00004102965,0.00006608192,0.00004441959,0.000009877269,0.00001558966,0.006396536],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3367529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2891137,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01843128157775473,"score_gpt":0.2955595296753614,"score_spread":0.2771282480976066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}