{"id":"W4360618731","doi":"10.1177/1470594x231163880","title":"Are citizens culpable for state action?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Politics Philosophy & Economics","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of California, San Diego; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Queen's University; University of Warwick","keywords":"Culpability; State (computer science); Political science; Democracy; Ethos; Dissent; Action (physics); Ascription; Law; State action; State responsibility; Criminology; Sociology; Politics; Human rights","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006113282,0.0002202793,0.0003539353,0.0007090471,0.004760924,0.007739767,0.0006471823,0.004678053,0.00618886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01540812,0.0002355711,0.0003229681,0.0005677595,0.02121684,0.006701349,0.003511854,0.003934243,0.001157715],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002015838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003486364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002332397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002814169,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9926631,0.004007569,0.0001561341,0.0006834286,0.0008471151,0.001642603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916094,0.003436394,0.001527151,0.0009947107,0.001113399,0.001318981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004506622,0.0001061755,0.03683934,0.00006658133,0.00003987744,0.0007411314,0.03288,0.0002316813,0.0003617814,0.8682486,0.01485314,0.0455867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002277492,0.00008687946,0.01921244,0.0003797823,0.00005279516,0.0008440231,0.05627741,0.0006102826,0.001102755,0.6693688,0.2519965,0.0000454973],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3455444,0.003576297,0.01115533,0.1867934,0.0006426664,0.00007386355,0.00008616718,0.00009591929,0.452032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825701,0.0008564731,0.0004896777,0.006215864,0.0001353059,0.00003257858,0.00002873531,0.0000150684,0.009656218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007739767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03233045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1795523927939584,"score_gpt":0.3768300341355075,"score_spread":0.197277641341549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}