{"id":"W4360955442","doi":"10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.026","title":"Effect of Race and Ethnicity on Pulmonary Function Testing Interpretation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CHEST Journal","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; McMaster University; BC Children's Hospital; Dalhousie University; William Osler Health System; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","keywords":"Medicine; Race (biology); Pulmonary function testing; Interpretation (philosophy); Ethnic group; Intensive care medicine; Internal medicine; Gender studies; Linguistics; Anthropology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01383944,0.000648141,0.001162305,0.0006267097,0.0008247934,0.001947914,0.001196859,0.001599361,0.008588291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05888346,0.0004717476,0.002986452,0.0007062854,0.0009632008,0.00151276,0.001086151,0.002342245,0.00093498],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006660079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001357192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007877951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01206315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9825632,0.01099157,0.001139302,0.0021004,0.00196784,0.00123768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9286412,0.05624605,0.006692509,0.003528003,0.002840732,0.002051539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01496253,0.0005113946,0.9681014,0.0001113035,0.001523801,0.0005082962,0.000864624,0.0002487524,0.001942103,0.0002659443,0.001137149,0.009822697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001531286,0.001593376,0.9905895,0.00009057862,0.001191358,0.0004626061,0.0007738455,0.001948837,0.0007958713,0.0004282704,0.00192772,0.00004485237],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821389,0.001542959,0.001442662,0.001597757,0.000623999,0.00007746842,0.000799808,0.0000534489,0.011723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956849,0.0001184443,0.0005967113,0.0005544539,0.0001791527,0.00004577763,0.0001775217,0.00005911451,0.002584024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01383944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07319081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02754339994545129,"score_gpt":0.3270798864619128,"score_spread":0.2995364865164615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}