{"id":"W4361753334","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-24942-6_14","title":"Testing the Application of Integrated Digital Photography and Image Processing (IDIP) to Calculate the Characteristics of Urban Greening Over Time: A Pilot Project for Oxford, UK","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Greening; Photography; Digital image processing; Architectural engineering; Geography; Computer science; Remote sensing; Computer graphics (images); Image processing; Visual arts; Engineering; Art; Political science; Computer vision; Image (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002143761,0.0007586697,0.0003694255,0.0009570286,0.0005352048,0.0009379945,0.0008678975,0.000512765,0.004595994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004507259,0.0004638342,0.000537891,0.0009674822,0.0006723034,0.0009442232,0.001108361,0.000399445,0.001160285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001329445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005272882,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07596283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08837488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985632,0.0004803261,0.00009742116,0.0003012919,0.0004545564,0.0001032417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964271,0.001971343,0.0002092126,0.0003058677,0.0009043925,0.0001821087],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01140953,0.006512004,0.1387621,0.001575515,0.0003758745,0.001227042,0.01226415,0.02788012,0.1983634,0.001506729,0.007256281,0.5928672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001086854,0.03691528,0.7904341,0.0001748177,0.0005025505,0.001433873,0.01080142,0.0445459,0.09530689,0.0008791692,0.0176853,0.0002338211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806773,0.0001493986,0.0105946,0.00009072445,0.00002742374,0.000504298,0.001748179,0.0002313615,0.005976573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9527043,0.00026838,0.03454092,0.0000506621,0.000008769638,0.0003544738,0.002898247,0.0001691861,0.009005054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07596283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1510414,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02075363785171162,"score_gpt":0.2297788709671576,"score_spread":0.209025233115446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}