{"id":"W4362513602","doi":"10.1101/2023.03.31.23286915","title":"Is there a bilingual advantage in auditory attention among children? A systematic review and meta-analysis of standardized auditory attention tests","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"medRxiv","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Baycrest Hospital; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Meta-analysis; PsycINFO; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Funnel plot; Psychology; Strictly standardized mean difference; Standardized test; Multilingualism; Cognition; Publication bias; CINAHL; Audiology; Cognitive psychology; MEDLINE; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01289354,0.001560735,0.01188478,0.006080547,0.0005163279,0.002971727,0.001723213,0.001607625,0.003620598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04385332,0.0009682412,0.01702893,0.006049334,0.0009471668,0.001675772,0.001239905,0.001351434,0.00020008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00222311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003651274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006258118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01516503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9913732,0.003326318,0.003164863,0.0009890047,0.0009278138,0.0002186728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9648228,0.02706479,0.005491546,0.0006947587,0.001677144,0.0002490068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001799836,0.00003402978,0.00622381,0.7185122,0.2496938,0.0001511005,0.0002104839,0.0001650745,0.0003077233,0.0001906879,0.0005677795,0.02214356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007145698,0.0003823975,0.01573086,0.1424059,0.8358706,0.0002729003,0.0001825376,0.0001100456,0.0002708218,0.0003136887,0.003707075,0.00003853158],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.004508216,0.9944905,0.0001952119,0.0001299279,0.00007610231,0.0001167029,0.0003019942,0.000007419232,0.0001738522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1956429,0.7998934,0.001458731,0.0009236585,0.0002407493,0.0008631287,0.0007554669,0.00002549021,0.0001965169],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01289354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06818837,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06696393915020617,"score_gpt":0.3959673570998588,"score_spread":0.3290034179496526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}