{"id":"W4362559410","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n3p1","title":"Don’t Cry Over Spilled or Spilt Milk?: Nuanced Semanto-Pragmatic Differences Between -ed and -t in English","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of English Linguistics","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Meaning (existential); Morpheme; Dream; Spell; Psychology; History; Philosophy; Theology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001448069,0.0001469155,0.0003732987,0.0004349245,0.0001139269,0.0001589846,0.0005145795,0.0001584338,0.0003809059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2440004,0.0001261755,0.00007958693,0.000304876,0.0001775226,0.00008350812,0.00009932459,0.0003450449,0.000008313142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001490354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003531539,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002343936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005712147,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977559,0.0002016966,0.0007781804,0.000184344,0.0007898889,0.0002900088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9900737,0.001535541,0.0005038565,0.00009933273,0.007615298,0.0001722624],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008034876,0.0004144615,0.7252151,0.0001045447,0.0007455309,0.001302417,0.1157653,0.0002964342,0.00004016047,0.1107468,0.04169797,0.00286787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005181272,0.0002272138,0.2302834,0.0004199278,0.0001395049,0.000002639454,0.01413071,0.0004166084,0.00004875055,0.01561662,0.7329991,0.0005342416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.910155,0.0001381998,0.0002184515,0.0003567226,0.04316291,0.0002585034,0.00008297907,0.0001376544,0.04548959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771801,0.0005600317,0.0007670742,0.0001713317,0.02075191,0.000003432129,0.00001530525,0.00001557349,0.000535229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6913012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7623677,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02855652693429779,"score_gpt":0.3366135960163182,"score_spread":0.3080570690820204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}