{"id":"W4362611985","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163280","title":"Compositional changes in the humin fraction resulting from the long-term cultivation of an Irish grassland soil: Evidence from FTIR and multi-NMR spectroscopies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Science Foundation Ireland","keywords":"Humin; Grassland; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Irish; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Term (time); Chemistry; Soil science; Mineralogy; Soil water; Soil organic matter; Agronomy; Chemical engineering; Physics; Biology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002619317,0.0002313815,0.0002511775,0.0005848277,0.0003151543,0.0004371008,0.000221519,0.0003849668,0.0005837979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000291018,0.0001674235,0.0001712856,0.0005115799,0.0005165317,0.000281954,0.0001926703,0.0002937706,0.0001664814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003722443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003959617,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009920084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008894407,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998888,0.00001128028,0.000006361011,0.00003212146,0.00002301905,0.00003851654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997339,0.00004522823,0.00007795117,0.00001710264,0.00007082632,0.00005503296],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004994102,0.0000232929,0.01497879,0.00004918282,0.00003078989,0.0001554856,0.00007652636,0.00007523676,0.9818267,0.00001127933,0.00002090206,0.002252554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001560613,0.0002519098,0.8826229,0.00000862985,0.00006092446,0.0005042112,0.0005367346,0.0005095527,0.1146448,0.00004790515,0.000775249,0.00002158431],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992472,0.0002029901,0.0001181727,0.00001189506,0.000002470503,0.000003135124,0.0001779444,0.000004211623,0.0002319383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987746,0.0001566705,0.0002032134,0.00002093561,0.000004075285,0.000006353178,0.0004323353,0.000007506139,0.0003943221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009920084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01972473,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03593377204062873,"score_gpt":0.2574804756174068,"score_spread":0.2215467035767781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}