{"id":"W4362673659","doi":"10.1038/s43587-023-00391-4","title":"Development and validation of DNA methylation scores in two European cohorts augment 10-year risk prediction of type 2 diabetes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Aging","topic":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Genetics; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Medical Research Council; Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh; Alzheimer’s Research UK; Helmholtz Zentrum München; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; University of Edinburgh; Wellcome Trust; Alzheimer's Society; National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression; UK Research and Innovation; Alan Turing Institute; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung; Helsingin Yliopisto; Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Government; Alzheimer’s Society; Wellcome","keywords":"Receiver operating characteristic; Type 2 diabetes; Medicine; Framingham Risk Score; DNA methylation; Cohort; Area under the curve; Statistics; Oncology; Internal medicine; Algorithm; Machine learning; Diabetes mellitus; Computer science; Mathematics; Disease; Biology; Genetics; Endocrinology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00894535,0.0008634091,0.0005623858,0.0009482129,0.0006278845,0.001400858,0.001055894,0.0009857743,0.001154099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0168161,0.0003603706,0.00119944,0.0007982171,0.0003261359,0.0004581478,0.001963172,0.0009702464,0.0005121463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005066096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009450629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01539807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01650055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976749,0.001112253,0.0001187865,0.0006529032,0.0002658586,0.0001753654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941585,0.001947788,0.0006088007,0.001347105,0.00131494,0.0006229017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00317584,0.0004406442,0.9507995,0.00004849682,0.0009825758,0.0002718759,0.0006686283,0.005763197,0.003508775,0.0003106421,0.002469788,0.03156007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003977833,0.0008893356,0.9508575,0.00006907323,0.0006341797,0.0005922654,0.0004250532,0.03801603,0.003708512,0.0008128201,0.003526264,0.00007128753],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992814,0.0001889073,0.004080949,0.00009607679,0.00003682724,0.00005544824,0.002073626,0.00006208588,0.0005921533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853774,0.0001296017,0.005238083,0.00009036019,0.00002341108,0.00008509483,0.008289823,0.00004579441,0.0007205011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01539807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04730809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01018285932814855,"score_gpt":0.2654419044506007,"score_spread":0.2552590451224521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}