{"id":"W4362677776","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766105","title":"Brightening the Study of Listening Effort with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Scoping Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Seminars in Hearing","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Active listening; Functional near-infrared spectroscopy; Modalities; Cognitive neuroscience; Cognition; Neuroimaging; Reading (process); Psychology; Popularity; Functional neuroimaging; Reflective listening; Cognitive science; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Computer science; Informational listening; Communication","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004307863,0.001090127,0.002281091,0.00976593,0.0005523857,0.002446364,0.00146201,0.002690738,0.003679502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01348523,0.0005746153,0.001860643,0.008680355,0.001112498,0.003771792,0.001454578,0.002120757,0.001378582],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001443458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005082221,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00289539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005647751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987949,0.0002964076,0.0003340543,0.0001412713,0.0003829495,0.00005042594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9876253,0.009563987,0.0009111727,0.0001632585,0.001556951,0.0001793537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004396773,0.00004331523,0.0002718114,0.1349956,0.0003053899,0.0001923573,0.0003411532,0.0002064033,0.0005691019,0.003671411,0.01977671,0.8395829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001766381,0.00009903901,0.001632326,0.3716761,0.0011118,0.001250197,0.0006548998,0.0001427603,0.0004799,0.006388905,0.6164864,0.00006011312],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000508927,0.9986884,0.0001559294,0.0005132503,0.0002108315,0.00001188685,0.0000138623,0.000003523448,0.0003513943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003409506,0.9987971,0.0002749075,0.0002658325,0.0001423027,0.00002134243,0.00001790556,0.000001774518,0.0001378317],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00976593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02278244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0990916342242215,"score_gpt":0.3568035536485619,"score_spread":0.2577119194243404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}