{"id":"W4363676457","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2218280120","title":"The Afrotropical breeding grounds of the Palearctic-African migratory painted lady butterflies ( <i>Vanessa cardui</i> )","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Government of Canada; Fundació Barcelona Zoo; British Ecological Society; Whitley Fund for Nature; Ecological Society of America; National Geographic Society","keywords":"Butterfly; Phenology; Ecology; Geography; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Tropics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000195822,0.0002643628,0.0001486725,0.001215655,0.0002068725,0.0003219859,0.0002303536,0.0001451051,0.001164418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004655666,0.0001014005,0.0002330243,0.0009170281,0.0001089009,0.0002559047,0.0003316205,0.0001725929,0.0003291198],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002533759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002062303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03555501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1018341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999212,0.00001074152,0.000006670009,0.00003212428,0.00000872687,0.00002057386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999731,0.00004512091,0.0001152129,0.00003559032,0.00004706047,0.00002590221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005002275,0.00002343592,0.9700292,0.0001019382,0.00004839378,0.0001025392,0.000287568,0.002190553,0.002156747,0.00008455243,0.003250943,0.02167412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004527922,0.00001138202,0.9904584,0.00002383642,0.00001491197,0.00006247885,0.0002485464,0.003502639,0.0003851133,0.00003757492,0.005245466,0.000005187502],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9731223,0.0002705018,0.001089467,0.00005400673,0.000009836652,0.00001890125,0.02413965,0.00008841891,0.001206941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9460644,0.0002060864,0.006197903,0.00003076468,0.00001010738,0.00004757418,0.04678367,0.00001431813,0.0006452022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03555501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07069612,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04612191731595149,"score_gpt":0.2773420581276311,"score_spread":0.2312201408116796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}