{"id":"W4365143582","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.109904","title":"Microwave activated and iron engineered biochar for arsenic adsorption: Life cycle assessment and cost analysis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Arsenic contamination and mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Adsorption; Arsenate; Arsenic; Arsenite; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Straw; Pulp and paper industry; Biomass (ecology); Waste management; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Agronomy; Pyrolysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005382003,0.0003664629,0.0003694804,0.0009433585,0.0002650999,0.0005100199,0.0004886593,0.0005180229,0.001128958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007260764,0.00018873,0.0008337136,0.0007896725,0.0001437347,0.0004705294,0.0001799096,0.0003172761,0.0002135163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002094205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005822062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009562939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01840997,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997683,0.00004124972,0.00001095268,0.00002680947,0.0001177295,0.00003486771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996579,0.000112583,0.00004520332,0.0000262265,0.0001429858,0.00001509946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006212103,0.0008907457,0.0269402,0.0009140353,0.000438548,0.0005118782,0.00008434637,0.1503464,0.6976169,0.002009539,0.0006528875,0.1133824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012242,0.004932691,0.03924649,0.00005035437,0.000642243,0.0003551819,0.0002092344,0.2234818,0.7263599,0.0008147032,0.003707791,0.00007716619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958117,0.0006739344,0.001998881,0.00004352246,0.000008065092,0.00003175504,0.0003823765,0.00001855597,0.001031261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959661,0.0005078837,0.002163589,0.00000644415,0.000002461471,0.00001517619,0.0002364195,0.000004690585,0.00109726],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009562939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01901454,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006525706122100106,"score_gpt":0.2185649433333302,"score_spread":0.2120392372112301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}