{"id":"W4365999155","doi":"10.1145/3579613","title":"In the Age of Collaboration, the Computer-Aided Design Ecosystem is Behind: An Interview Study of Distributed CAD Practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","topic":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"CAD; Workflow; Computer science; Knowledge management; Product (mathematics); Computer Aided Design; Engineering management; Engineering; Engineering drawing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03115233,0.0006845679,0.0008501075,0.002782981,0.01224147,0.006490369,0.0018212,0.003593085,0.002470641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05162487,0.001178154,0.0004094642,0.002465857,0.01273449,0.009079651,0.009793254,0.005060092,0.0006543127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00531246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006335492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006676431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009995959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.967682,0.02634226,0.000973226,0.001369186,0.00130205,0.002331201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9179493,0.06950789,0.003346968,0.001630811,0.004184308,0.003380781],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002483088,0.00004626136,0.001837213,0.00004477011,0.000001689637,0.000161683,0.9945216,0.0000293328,0.0002475016,0.0008549628,0.0001148468,0.002115336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007710392,0.00005589834,0.0007522801,0.00007479989,0.000002685488,0.00008539401,0.9950857,0.0001269763,0.0001495522,0.0004692729,0.003180907,0.000008858357],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891131,0.0003534756,0.005392859,0.001736514,0.00002212007,0.0001423673,0.00003894932,0.00001534672,0.003185084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949493,0.0004666883,0.002318227,0.0006348653,0.00001291573,0.0002668619,0.00002978898,0.00002166922,0.001299607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03115233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1647512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0650091157125365,"score_gpt":0.3220621070541367,"score_spread":0.2570529913416003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}