{"id":"W4366085227","doi":"10.1093/jae/ejac050","title":"Structural Change and Inequality in Africa","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Economies","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Inequality; Human capital; Economic inequality; Asset (computer security); Pace; Demographic economics; Development economics; Labour economics; Productivity; Economic growth; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217275,0.0000702449,0.0002585755,0.0001569264,0.0003480658,0.00004944747,0.0002233157,0.00002693073,0.0004629874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001704054,0.00006557981,0.00006361231,0.0001575777,0.0001578241,0.0004545193,0.00009791913,0.0002311277,0.000001228922],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003476563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001343297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00181921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001637756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986795,0.0003977343,0.0004133033,0.00009232231,0.0001880739,0.0002291254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992505,0.0001630819,0.0003747456,0.00007454397,0.00004523527,0.00009184198],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003085933,0.0001360521,0.5082438,0.00003379002,0.0000661759,0.00004666493,0.3981287,0.00006593944,0.00002366517,0.06999072,0.003483368,0.01947247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001091301,0.0004831178,0.4703926,0.00001220944,0.00001935503,0.00002511921,0.1720207,0.0001084211,0.00001158868,0.03487514,0.3206269,0.0003334498],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803283,0.0006943368,0.000001086852,0.003229686,0.0004885938,0.00007868423,0.00001920609,0.00000571494,0.01515441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989725,0.0001482897,0.00006946554,0.0002472102,0.0003723243,0.000005721752,3.694479e-7,0.000004440732,0.0001796217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3171436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5069387,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08535163776054985,"score_gpt":0.3043594744042183,"score_spread":0.2190078366436684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}