{"id":"W4366216684","doi":"10.3390/en16083478","title":"Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Rheological Models on Measurements of Shear-Thinning Fluid Flow in Smooth Pipes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Laminar flow; Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear thinning; Reynolds number; Rheology; Shear stress; Turbulence modeling; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002419108,0.0001071129,0.0004280051,0.0001497366,0.00002729176,0.000001485962,0.0001146866,0.00007155531,0.000009031558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001422064,0.00006928386,0.0001152929,0.000448116,0.0001612758,0.00002932537,0.0001390134,0.00008764935,2.944091e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001662855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003659574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006423276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002752008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992152,0.00007931581,0.0002474237,0.0001439658,0.0001827989,0.0001313025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994774,0.0002985214,0.00005172302,0.0001416869,0.00001607007,0.00001457593],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007712006,0.00002245511,0.03356713,0.00002135431,0.0002488388,6.987586e-7,0.0006540844,0.6951685,0.2688868,0.001253159,0.000008056158,0.00009177475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002369618,0.0000862034,0.01721408,0.0000280247,0.00006242816,1.135157e-7,0.00006634687,0.6536489,0.3285809,0.00003070552,1.925254e-7,0.00004515528],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972029,0.0005079338,0.001728853,0.0000222346,0.00004440397,0.00004739932,0.000004701299,0.0000227101,0.0004189182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995925,0.00001472771,0.0002869479,0.000005695298,0.000004847765,0.00001330535,0.000003437414,0.000006168396,0.00007236345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05969404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2825314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01979454765414636,"score_gpt":0.2533428619260626,"score_spread":0.2335483142719163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}