{"id":"W4366420362","doi":"10.3390/f14040833","title":"An Improved Forest Fire and Smoke Detection Model Based on YOLOv5","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forests","topic":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Smoke; Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Deep learning; Environmental science; Feature extraction; Fire prevention; Artificial intelligence; Remote sensing; Geography; Meteorology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009620067,0.0001162349,0.00009910487,0.0001072667,0.00007889624,0.00003107271,0.00005645816,0.000101578,0.000004912051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001418937,0.0001138735,0.00003432146,0.0001891686,0.00001305671,0.0000859597,0.000006783579,0.0001034596,0.00004532877],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003621513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006583296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009585045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001895441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994249,0.00001265781,0.0001247188,0.0001562867,0.00009474696,0.0001866964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999653,0.00002172552,0.00001492127,0.0002097757,0.00001508996,0.00008547882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004620002,0.00001316245,0.005752506,0.00009301778,0.00001088508,0.000005853551,0.0001941709,0.9615903,0.004181657,0.00002761579,0.0004715585,0.02761302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002787345,0.0001184442,0.09151293,0.00001465587,0.00000336169,0.000002468239,0.00001829174,0.9064612,0.0009645447,0.0001148891,0.0003921981,0.0001182468],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861964,0.00001213434,0.01171347,0.00003989302,0.0004294468,0.0001713743,0.00001165519,0.001049388,0.000376219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995999,0.000004992104,0.00004789722,0.00003623642,0.00007592036,0.00004787908,0.00001882943,0.00003825152,0.0001300704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08576042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4643627,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01146285747047359,"score_gpt":0.2201460487562567,"score_spread":0.2086831912857831,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}