{"id":"W4366431497","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4414249","title":"Information Economics and Free Speech","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Free speech; Economics; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000998756,0.00006965169,0.00006717201,0.0001839568,0.0001860323,0.0002452337,0.0003754871,0.00004335968,0.000002043422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003965833,0.00006605137,0.00003203996,0.0002506766,0.00001218087,0.001223006,0.0001088231,0.0005180076,0.0001806645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000196106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004833384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002358731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001106865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987278,0.0000207154,0.0001553339,0.000076712,0.00009474479,0.0009247153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996257,0.00001667281,0.00007673731,0.0001870084,0.00003432819,0.00005956126],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005462152,0.000004000514,0.0001029118,0.000002289304,0.00002575036,0.000001947903,0.0002488509,0.00009647464,0.00005373099,0.3743921,0.0004367089,0.6246298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000697161,0.0002677249,0.001019295,0.000006813865,0.000006189495,0.001630964,0.000658107,0.01738606,0.0007239833,0.9408067,0.03659257,0.0002044608],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8261107,0.0002760606,0.1654606,0.004310575,0.0007395514,0.000113757,0.000001453148,0.0003162042,0.002671183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791383,0.01660746,0.002354149,0.0002947854,0.0002893319,0.000004602117,0.000004220286,0.00001167056,0.001295512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6244254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2693497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004859135941822937,"score_gpt":0.1940595236632288,"score_spread":0.1892003877214059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}