{"id":"W4366485630","doi":"10.1080/01629778.2023.2201236","title":"“300,000 Thrifty Letts in U.S.:” speculation and exaggeration in reports about early Latvian immigrants in America","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Baltic Studies","topic":"Vietnamese History and Culture Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Latvian; Immigration; Exaggeration; Speculation; Census; Ethnic group; Population; World War II; Political science; Deportation; Demographic economics; Development economics; History; Demography; Sociology; Law; Psychology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001274126,0.00009543949,0.0003633196,0.0002922021,0.0002760825,0.00002453092,0.00005101004,0.00004989826,0.000006683701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007041545,0.00007968941,0.00004388201,0.0007314997,0.000201445,0.0002909877,0.00002790685,0.0001878337,0.000003116492],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001854601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005370323,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007833345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02071154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985411,0.0001980321,0.0005754652,0.0001391831,0.0003326366,0.000213594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993971,0.00007744349,0.0003202568,0.00005600705,0.0001119351,0.00003723686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004826056,0.00006718862,0.4950236,0.00003725597,0.00005108018,0.0007055162,0.4936344,0.0001607521,0.0001482919,0.000249867,0.001788468,0.008085332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003616657,0.00005622018,0.9078984,0.0002756061,0.00001094824,0.000009024555,0.08654336,0.00001198756,0.000003001122,0.001682313,0.003052251,0.00009518489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880002,0.006817763,0.000002556148,0.00296059,0.0005026064,0.0001381349,5.81943e-7,0.000009662423,0.001567931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995784,0.003718989,0.00004978936,0.00005504029,0.0001507667,0.000007311886,3.275575e-7,0.000004547337,0.0002291767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4128749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03456074202987215,"score_gpt":0.3417226016145224,"score_spread":0.3071618595846503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}