{"id":"W4366700148","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4425328","title":"Nonlinear Behavior of Surface Charge Density and Zeta Potential in Microchannel Electrokinetic Flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Zeta potential; Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrolyte; Surface charge; Charge density; Streaming current; Borosilicate glass; Chemistry; Imogolite; Chemical physics; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Adsorption; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Electrode","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001331627,0.0004861732,0.0007144891,0.0005141055,0.00005400393,0.00005492051,0.0004794326,0.0005380557,0.00001085255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006837562,0.0005453075,0.0001975292,0.0003256581,0.00006464039,0.00007661076,0.000214007,0.005344423,0.00001108331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001018063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009065564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001653523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000679968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958764,0.00009895331,0.0008397101,0.0004334298,0.0004499592,0.00230156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990301,0.00005603981,0.0002603589,0.0003631419,0.0001736086,0.0001167221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002493649,0.00062165,0.0158897,0.001147816,0.001467091,0.0002106015,0.0009507419,0.03888779,0.9116591,0.001764764,0.0008212168,0.02633016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003302181,0.001222464,0.01451189,0.0007883391,0.0008268395,0.001642836,0.0003527302,0.2305357,0.6574149,0.08662891,0.0001031111,0.002670141],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797891,0.00668093,0.01197984,0.0001377567,0.0004907413,0.000523876,0.0000256734,0.0003462462,0.00002579806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.959841,0.03756915,0.001817827,0.000007826431,0.0003125446,0.00003039422,0.00005936623,0.000160399,0.0002015436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2542442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007427972992254848,"score_gpt":0.2239928128809401,"score_spread":0.2165648398886853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}