{"id":"W4367297634","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.2c00948","title":"Application of a Cognitive Task Framework to Characterize Opportunities for Student Preparation for Research in the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Education","topic":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Danmarks Tekniske Universitet","keywords":"Curriculum; Task (project management); Chemistry education; Perspective (graphical); Cognition; Mathematics education; Computer science; Chemistry; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Pedagogy; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001690388,0.0001092848,0.000212102,0.0001053873,0.00005957918,0.00005668367,0.0004428318,0.0001647382,0.0000118624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002773514,0.00009491055,0.00009164535,0.0004831507,0.00008306669,0.0001106258,0.00004771827,0.0004259168,0.00000182069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002375812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009912924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004090285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.561979e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982916,0.00004617942,0.0005690884,0.0001906173,0.0006317306,0.000270804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960583,0.001668676,0.0003414951,0.0002422909,0.001570253,0.000119013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004515173,0.0005302737,0.000286396,0.0007812618,0.00004465457,0.000001073838,0.002628971,0.000006953871,0.9847197,0.0003291425,0.004432335,0.005787702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006657706,0.0001033647,0.000314509,0.0006574245,0.00004138015,0.00001022256,0.01293187,0.0002492839,0.9639083,0.01130464,0.009664308,0.0001488997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890622,0.00005523313,0.0009306063,0.008868948,0.00005469975,0.0005116489,0.0001017124,0.00001119773,0.0004037154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972739,0.00004971323,0.0005425158,0.0001005021,0.0006892684,0.000832331,0.0002280513,0.00001966333,0.0002640617],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0208114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.387034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1251253808349293,"score_gpt":0.457811462679946,"score_spread":0.3326860818450167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}