{"id":"W4367310762","doi":"10.3390/met13050859","title":"A Review on Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Pure Copper","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Metals","topic":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Regina","keywords":"Extrusion; Copper; Raw material; Materials science; Nozzle; Sintering; Metallurgy; 3D printing; Electronics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Process engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005786764,0.00122812,0.001338506,0.004542568,0.0004197183,0.001542473,0.0009667418,0.0009771283,0.008641244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008691197,0.0006454333,0.001187145,0.004449054,0.0003052127,0.00162871,0.0006898005,0.00093572,0.004147911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004407544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008359783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007948186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009028685,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993405,0.00006308936,0.0001075815,0.0001306365,0.0003072011,0.00005093763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994874,0.0002405189,0.00008309733,0.00003014095,0.0001380308,0.0000209307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000105089,0.0001429579,0.0003117476,0.07127318,0.000141718,0.000757942,0.0001914905,0.001056565,0.01771527,0.00851783,0.03990452,0.8598817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005328805,0.000122584,0.0004844526,0.003128796,0.00009102177,0.001064479,0.00004764365,0.0002010849,0.005230953,0.0007808582,0.9888155,0.0000272173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000853193,0.9896841,0.001674418,0.0001435412,0.0006550169,0.00002216381,0.0001032723,0.00004762614,0.006816743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003377724,0.9898785,0.002146726,0.0001922257,0.0003659453,0.00002570591,0.0002021699,0.00002305342,0.003787894],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008641244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02890784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06941991345584723,"score_gpt":0.3145010373520413,"score_spread":0.245081123896194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}