{"id":"W4367846192","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202244945","title":"VarIabiLity seLection of AstrophysIcal sources iN PTF (VILLAIN)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Planetary Science Division; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; University of Colorado Boulder; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Queen's University; University of Oxford; Durham University; York University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Space Telescope Science Institute; National Central University; Villum Fonden; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Carnegie Mellon University; Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Washington; European Space Agency; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; National Research Foundation; Ohio State University; Smithsonian Institution; U.S. Department of Energy; California Institute of Technology; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Queen's University Belfast; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; New Mexico State University; University of California, Los Angeles; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Science Mission Directorate; Yale University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Selection (genetic algorithm); Astronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008057212,0.0001453562,0.0003007666,0.001359432,0.0004763978,0.001214153,0.0005697262,0.0003446197,0.002104752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003558978,0.0001177178,0.0003742995,0.0008862486,0.0003742717,0.0003591501,0.0007080022,0.0002679885,0.0002599288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001094032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003465855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02935018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02882345,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994901,0.00010569,0.00001637577,0.0002199689,0.00008181416,0.00008599551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988926,0.0003625746,0.0003136401,0.0001899791,0.00008679338,0.0001544323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001044852,0.00002307056,0.9730834,0.00001518921,0.00006099501,0.0003793308,0.0002428386,0.004754386,0.002214421,0.002446584,0.0008633332,0.01581202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000123488,0.00003725768,0.9680014,0.0000200126,0.00002369629,0.0005499393,0.0002204471,0.02470255,0.001089858,0.002420885,0.002905918,0.0000158448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888288,0.0002241739,0.007269986,0.0001493376,0.000005537573,0.00002356064,0.001110675,0.0001897107,0.00219815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977695,0.00002321413,0.0008566195,0.00001414723,0.000003173388,0.000006264508,0.001104233,0.0000140146,0.0002087338],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02935018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05835867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00713517187170328,"score_gpt":0.2126712432205229,"score_spread":0.2055360713488196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}