{"id":"W4375841191","doi":"10.20944/preprints202305.0398.v1","title":"Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Soil: Environmental Pollutants Affecting Crop Health","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental chemistry; Bioaccumulation; Pollutant; Environmental science; Agronomy; Arable land; Rhizosphere; Agriculture; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003006964,0.000793698,0.000954863,0.0001949875,0.0002808727,0.00004130169,0.001004959,0.0004995742,0.004611275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002694263,0.0007872507,0.0003423199,0.0003274244,0.0003976102,0.0003350431,0.00585559,0.001670369,0.01341636],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004285515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005826117,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002020153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001023569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931173,0.0009019124,0.001288788,0.002184395,0.001313,0.001194586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973734,0.0001615501,0.0007320647,0.001329922,0.000003614531,0.0003994476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004337326,0.0006545247,0.8998792,0.0001191051,0.0001102367,0.00006875717,0.003695017,0.03710473,0.04967118,0.00001236307,0.00008000056,0.008561539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005261354,0.00005306198,0.9742815,0.0001613027,0.00003354676,0.00002111178,0.0006497617,0.0005287178,0.02228313,0.0003142038,0.0004273602,0.0007201739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925385,0.0001249995,0.00008213343,0.001125749,0.00117098,0.001928753,0.0001580161,0.0002766541,0.002594201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958745,0.0003490485,0.0003259504,0.0002443241,0.0001542779,0.0002766429,0.000114598,0.0001199411,0.002540706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07440232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995369,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08918273036546974,"score_gpt":0.329510953404473,"score_spread":0.2403282230390033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}