{"id":"W4375851145","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2023.101465","title":"Adsorption of chlorinated hydrocarbons onto non-activated biochars: Biochar physicochemical characteristics and governing factors","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology Reports","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Savannah River National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Biochar; Carbonization; Pyrolysis; Adsorption; Tetrachloroethylene; Freundlich equation; Trichloroethylene; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Activated carbon; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Langmuir; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001962715,0.000246381,0.00020318,0.0002210411,0.0001999881,0.0003617123,0.0001856262,0.0002010216,0.000600551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004355799,0.0001167267,0.0002145657,0.000253069,0.0002216523,0.000244008,0.0001317963,0.0001868887,0.0001395494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004558547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003355433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006406373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008133937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998164,0.00002155367,0.00001080766,0.00002773153,0.00006323545,0.00006028245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998227,0.00008166689,0.00001926704,0.00001147971,0.00004377642,0.00002119188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002328307,0.00003065775,0.001360375,0.00004392794,0.00001064342,0.00003249011,0.00002197741,0.0003677258,0.996644,0.00003334196,0.00001910145,0.001202842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004113949,0.00009849937,0.01193095,0.000001826243,0.000009889399,0.00002980081,0.00004799332,0.001825257,0.9858134,0.00002441754,0.0002074343,0.00000642288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988441,0.0002452809,0.0005108222,0.00001413458,0.00000432168,0.000004921966,0.00007437963,0.000003694082,0.0002982467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988612,0.0002083954,0.0002492188,0.00000732504,0.000003139669,0.000002606583,0.0001368915,0.000003379429,0.0005278764],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006406373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01273817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007350533339475106,"score_gpt":0.2011699179350125,"score_spread":0.1938193845955374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}