{"id":"W4376274914","doi":"10.1063/5.0144987","title":"Impact of wettability on immiscible displacement in water saturated thin porous media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Porous medium; Viscous fingering; Wetting; Microscale chemistry; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Capillary number; Saturation (graph theory); Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Displacement (psychology); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Phase diagram; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001807202,0.0001257403,0.0002533561,0.00007170958,0.00001455674,0.000004812966,0.0000869871,0.0000341751,0.00002521503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002842872,0.00008981926,0.000076236,0.0003224605,0.00003808385,0.00009993879,0.00003678979,0.00008658294,0.00004735563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008306574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001051696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009694888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000100726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991676,0.0000196043,0.0002798456,0.0001182805,0.0002156341,0.0001990565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995198,0.0001322279,0.00002081271,0.0002386553,0.0000622539,0.00002621316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005518303,0.0001347245,0.03876841,0.0001671615,0.000165623,0.00000202223,0.006552237,0.7299293,0.2222551,0.0003342423,0.0006553053,0.0009807114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001017259,0.0001258223,0.6931631,0.00006696823,0.00002562424,8.768757e-8,0.0001930767,0.08974743,0.2124513,0.002940847,0.00002057655,0.0002478759],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998844,0.00003339769,0.00006188657,0.00002777371,0.0001163363,0.0001253626,0.00002937049,0.0000970226,0.0006648644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998367,0.000013743,0.00003327087,0.000002668566,0.00002973526,0.00000770026,0.0000398068,0.00001887721,0.0000174992],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6543947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3662723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02355521576459754,"score_gpt":0.2874482995900116,"score_spread":0.263893083825414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}