{"id":"W4376467680","doi":"10.4337/9781843764342.00019","title":"INDIVIDUAL PIONEERS IN THE USA AND CANADA","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks","topic":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental ethics; History; Political science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001036039,0.0005786306,0.0004931579,0.002168759,0.01219925,0.00552473,0.001484684,0.001438187,0.04223648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001394983,0.0004075249,0.0003218499,0.004487238,0.00271068,0.001502664,0.001952179,0.002306841,0.005558859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02318275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08845709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8599252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.979331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992082,0.00004316936,0.00000995497,0.000067915,0.0002818074,0.0003890085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998053,0.00009147404,0.00003499411,0.00004866501,0.0006208796,0.001151084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006603547,0.00007324394,0.001968397,0.0002000443,0.000007147907,0.0002530962,0.008715744,0.0001932426,0.000333409,0.1077595,0.6983004,0.1821299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003451092,0.000004979782,0.001266883,0.0001159557,0.000002412884,0.00002985841,0.001601598,0.00002813286,0.00003495999,0.0008925738,0.9960146,0.000004642083],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.01518567,0.04478558,0.0005804058,0.01656648,0.003486695,0.0001203001,0.0005914267,0.0001877126,0.9184958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03113095,0.01891099,0.000578596,0.0009577398,0.0001850468,0.00003073441,0.0001514748,0.00006148274,0.947993],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1400748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2817994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05115108214672459,"score_gpt":0.2771268548640592,"score_spread":0.2259757727173346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}