{"id":"W4376503742","doi":"10.1176/appi.prcp.20230003","title":"Exploring the Use of Natural Language Processing for Objective Assessment of Disorganized Speech in Schizophrenia","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice","topic":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Vector Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming); Psychology; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004944724,0.0001150569,0.000392165,0.0004133605,0.0001476686,0.00005131943,0.0001524462,0.00005938311,0.000006357295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01741724,0.00007109816,0.0001198059,0.002080516,0.0002662231,0.0003675258,0.0001486301,0.0009914833,0.000005931212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005674019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007295962,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003620602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001783224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970301,0.0006023053,0.0006584862,0.0003703059,0.0009044772,0.000434298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9857413,0.01290369,0.0001843852,0.0003491486,0.0006514021,0.0001701346],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.07867702,0.003516359,0.1366328,0.0009065169,0.0006251209,0.0001836482,0.0009001657,0.00000452224,0.0005312273,0.002178456,0.001278431,0.7745657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01247647,0.003223409,0.9725894,0.0001641729,0.0001482398,0.00002982452,0.004936243,0.004682714,0.0001858466,0.0009552479,0.0004962638,0.0001122205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904869,0.001469112,0.00004246835,0.006189331,0.0001425925,0.001442823,0.00001682782,0.00002302354,0.0001869916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9699563,0.003098463,0.02639738,0.00003444688,0.0001923521,0.0001475382,0.00001681278,0.000021102,0.0001356178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8359565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9908594,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3223336989344138,"score_gpt":0.5320747627285294,"score_spread":0.2097410637941156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}