{"id":"W4376872436","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2212795120","title":"Proofreading does not result in more reliable ligand discrimination in receptor signaling due to its inherent stochasticity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Proofreading; Ligand (biochemistry); Computer science; Noise (video); Receptor; Computational biology; Biological system; Algorithm; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Genetics; Polymerase; DNA; Image (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001600511,0.00008606098,0.0001298557,0.000230128,0.00008577757,0.00002135796,0.0003818323,0.00009454544,0.000004656076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007899977,0.00005741613,0.0000376544,0.0008072343,0.00008968559,0.00003202705,0.0001552614,0.0001055257,0.000001060926],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000306415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002982955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001336406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001258717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986428,0.00000679395,0.0003267807,0.0002885498,0.0005587004,0.0001763737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995766,0.00003268862,0.0001839852,0.000008551904,0.0001678171,0.00003033329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003462777,0.00002030955,0.0009401977,0.00004677767,0.000002918468,1.420829e-8,0.0004024054,0.003851565,0.9926537,0.001769806,0.0001088034,0.000168831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001537745,0.00005890706,0.006332021,0.0002282004,0.000002131465,7.086513e-7,0.0005701254,0.002032397,0.9880643,0.002443888,0.00003380343,0.00007972595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976778,0.00002951588,0.0000132824,0.001767857,0.00003338753,0.000275357,0.00001434644,0.000005185535,0.0001832923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987173,0.00001773336,0.0008703907,0.0001125092,0.00006984607,0.00003429997,0.000001184156,0.000005213887,0.0001715246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005391824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2341362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04135422487307043,"score_gpt":0.312289830919724,"score_spread":0.2709356060466536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}