{"id":"W4377012065","doi":"10.1037/dev0001551","title":"One- and two-year-olds grasp that causes must precede their effects.","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"GRASP; Psychology; Action (physics); Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Social psychology; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004549531,0.0003747348,0.0004373115,0.0003422375,0.0002606075,0.00005518407,0.0003134384,0.0002322084,0.001034185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005456649,0.0003576031,0.00007962297,0.0005181932,0.0002381207,0.00008813807,0.0002454878,0.0004084321,0.00416066],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006528714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004652904,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003719215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007528476,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997433,0.0002173879,0.0003602554,0.0009607323,0.0002118189,0.0008168241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999022,0.0003136198,0.000114203,0.0003138325,0.00002738181,0.0002089407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004977185,0.000480324,0.7904152,0.0001083571,0.0008694686,0.0002345839,0.01693996,9.111305e-7,0.01184099,0.01080105,0.06145133,0.1063601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002093005,0.0001591888,0.9532008,0.00005912647,0.00001625283,0.0001476083,0.001323037,8.91138e-7,0.0008357434,0.0007780752,0.0409305,0.0004558016],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8735347,0.0001582621,0.00003092133,0.001329937,0.001798669,0.0004086535,0.00001510059,0.0005161048,0.1222077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919151,0.0001391174,0.001020325,0.002455055,0.0001733611,0.0001401599,0.00009663533,0.00007663646,0.003983633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1627856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.049977245191286,"score_gpt":0.3320516056803214,"score_spread":0.2820743604890354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}