{"id":"W4377143168","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115021","title":"Effects of Herbicides and the Chytrid Fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on the growth, development and survival of Larval American Toads (Anaxyrus americanus)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Environment and Climate Change Canada; McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Atrazine; Glyphosate; Amphibian; Biology; Larva; Pesticide; Toxicity; Fungus; Horticulture; Toxicology; Ecotoxicology; Animal science; Agronomy; Botany; Ecology; Internal medicine; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007569919,0.0003726132,0.0001751844,0.000187098,0.000180027,0.0001822588,0.0001407025,0.0001961769,0.0008031379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009988297,0.0001202152,0.0001836259,0.0001242783,0.0001061784,0.0001188437,0.0001831424,0.0002769938,0.0001326892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002150552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000254144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003219924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00952343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999003,0.00002036648,0.000008203376,0.00002310862,0.000023252,0.00002475375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998416,0.00002333976,0.00005325768,0.000008456182,0.00002726036,0.00004608892],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008627285,0.0002017983,0.007982367,0.00007843505,0.00003042355,0.00009301309,0.00004986482,0.0001301768,0.9868219,0.00002284114,0.00007841321,0.003647938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007561308,0.009956395,0.3874057,0.00002477115,0.0001469967,0.0003043925,0.0002967651,0.001051619,0.5982584,0.0000487449,0.00240958,0.00002112574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999139,0.0003591992,0.00003692223,0.00001580618,0.00000465991,0.000006802869,0.000133328,0.000004859168,0.0002995157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973432,0.0006694018,0.0003380953,0.00002931811,0.000005583071,0.00001917389,0.000262792,0.000002505771,0.001329951],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003219924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006402373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004427270091305948,"score_gpt":0.1859841111284302,"score_spread":0.1815568410371243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}