{"id":"W4377294144","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072374","title":"Does knowledge have a half-life? An observational study analyzing the use of older citations in medical and scientific publications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ Open","topic":"Academic Writing and Publishing","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Queen's University; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Medicine; Observational study; Medical literature; Citation analysis; Science Citation Index; Scientific literature; MEDLINE; Family medicine; Gerontology; Library science; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02298395,0.0002967477,0.001576352,0.01104757,0.001272517,0.004337447,0.001322862,0.002234106,0.003387725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2220701,0.0005692689,0.001838916,0.02145434,0.001459682,0.007973431,0.002307568,0.001963478,0.0005939252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002029521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00368789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004301812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002925806,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9763764,0.006766322,0.009076458,0.001808963,0.005079067,0.0008928538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.5700885,0.1987358,0.1972207,0.008646724,0.01905344,0.00625493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007905929,0.0001778518,0.9774525,0.002617273,0.0007553332,0.0002832139,0.004501616,0.0001046543,0.0001214957,0.0005474006,0.0008492569,0.01179892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000099627,0.0008898706,0.9836459,0.002107859,0.0007980759,0.001541965,0.005202592,0.0002866811,0.0001861409,0.001170264,0.003991651,0.00007939564],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9506139,0.03902573,0.0008933273,0.002640737,0.0001072622,0.0002548345,0.004578848,0.00002623491,0.001859046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922084,0.005091276,0.0004910195,0.0003282637,0.0001210324,0.0001853507,0.001310223,0.000009194553,0.0002552732],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9889524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1215522,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5656983905076288,"score_gpt":0.4660775362830644,"score_spread":0.09962085422456446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}