{"id":"W4378808262","doi":"10.1257/aer.20211437","title":"Optimal Procurement with Quality Concerns","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Adverse selection; Economics; Microeconomics; Procurement; Incentive compatibility; Government procurement; Incentive; Lottery; Common value auction; Counterfactual thinking; Quality (philosophy)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006076335,0.0005225866,0.001018516,0.0006825832,0.0005854339,0.003186113,0.001116811,0.001582911,0.006322124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01651153,0.0005681333,0.001004812,0.001036866,0.002044349,0.002762024,0.001703402,0.001152232,0.000453448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002096481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001756766,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001143596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006878796,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950413,0.003179939,0.0001618099,0.0004326068,0.0005586875,0.0006256532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940615,0.00332104,0.001156228,0.0006491126,0.0005216044,0.0002903933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004339078,0.000149649,0.003672855,0.0004575222,0.0001867323,0.0003822831,0.0002811093,0.1113193,0.00176059,0.8405538,0.004013794,0.0367885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002493208,0.0002674457,0.002560186,0.0000998238,0.0001012174,0.0004507591,0.0002423595,0.1416942,0.0008143583,0.8460223,0.00745485,0.00004318986],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3579932,0.003880762,0.5195037,0.004874582,0.0002382254,0.000327732,0.000249324,0.0001842466,0.1127481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820886,0.0005683488,0.01225985,0.0002287345,0.000067899,0.00008624388,0.0000363622,0.00001560936,0.004648409],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006322124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03213513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2264163833179472,"score_gpt":0.4901307963086249,"score_spread":0.2637144129906777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}