{"id":"W4378978313","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2023.101320","title":"Attenuated total reflection surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy as a tool for studying modified electrode surfaces with biosensing applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","topic":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biosensor; Attenuated total reflection; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Aptamer; Surface modification; Infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002386329,0.0003004585,0.0002582351,0.0001096589,0.0001945983,0.00005416518,0.000139559,0.0001941036,7.870576e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006516699,0.000296255,0.0001040352,0.0008698605,0.00006973796,0.00001786989,0.00004735842,0.0002380692,0.000003315233],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001249384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001405287,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003490062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004315388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980828,0.00004353954,0.0003707306,0.0007508197,0.0002086508,0.0005434979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991069,0.0000322231,0.0002111643,0.0003738149,0.0002157047,0.00006021692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003913128,0.0001024145,0.0001969566,0.0001036656,0.00004764569,1.844858e-7,0.00002203747,0.0006175333,0.9970421,0.00001748967,0.0002982202,0.001160422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007637242,0.0003202246,0.0001795733,0.0001073715,0.00002315688,0.00001533612,0.00006907122,0.001346461,0.9956499,0.0003636853,0.0007717011,0.0003897694],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9555315,0.0003743017,0.04285361,0.00007862147,0.0001169629,0.0007092832,0.00002035742,0.0002265824,0.00008875752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993941,0.0009694076,0.002635201,0.00001217812,0.0003190952,0.0001781685,0.001669368,0.00004345648,0.0002321248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04021841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02517275388168639,"score_gpt":0.3433619634882039,"score_spread":0.3181892096065175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}