{"id":"W4379233502","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines11061620","title":"Opiate Antagonists for Chronic Pain: A Review on the Benefits of Low-Dose Naltrexone in Arthritis versus Non-Arthritic Diseases","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biomedicines","topic":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Jewish General Hospital","funders":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; Ministry of SMEs and Startups; U.S. Department of Defense; Australian Government; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Naltrexone; Medicine; Rheumatoid arthritis; Fibromyalgia; Chronic pain; Arthritis; Osteoarthritis; Opioid; Opiate; Pain ladder; Pharmacology; Anesthesia; Internal medicine; Physical therapy; Receptor; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004321208,0.0006558063,0.001126006,0.001813866,0.0002332404,0.000734505,0.0006571471,0.0008029836,0.004587793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007621962,0.000209353,0.0008540961,0.001778635,0.000238866,0.0008461294,0.000394936,0.001306883,0.001149953],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003639117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008601114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001009935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002259946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999827,0.00003274336,0.00003692602,0.00002724019,0.00006299337,0.00001309081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996792,0.0001947119,0.00004686107,0.000006224383,0.00005603457,0.00001700325],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001487936,0.00008911562,0.0001228198,0.06321368,0.0002173967,0.0001503827,0.00007839946,0.0002304846,0.00146884,0.00186438,0.02546121,0.9069545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006999647,0.0002631237,0.001358915,0.02527543,0.0007299613,0.001407967,0.00007477502,0.0001041716,0.0004259555,0.001375185,0.968889,0.00002563752],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007940952,0.9992031,0.00003939414,0.0001107762,0.000104324,0.000004317254,0.00001402191,0.000002923929,0.0004416332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003629425,0.999068,0.00009269928,0.0001397045,0.00007696504,0.000005548897,0.0000170228,8.104311e-7,0.0002362917],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004587793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01534772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08584408116793067,"score_gpt":0.3708397112013795,"score_spread":0.2849956300334488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}