{"id":"W4379386081","doi":"10.1007/s10649-023-10241-0","title":"Definitional ambiguity in mathematics: three cases","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Studies in Mathematics","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Analysis","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Ambiguity; Correctness; Task (project management); Mathematics education; Value (mathematics); Mathematical logic; Mathematical practice; Computer science; Service (business); Calculus (dental); Mathematics; Epistemology; Algorithm; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01011962,0.001005328,0.001109891,0.003070336,0.007838663,0.01042546,0.002605397,0.00765168,0.00651963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03231275,0.0008311995,0.001778837,0.00414682,0.02641984,0.0136493,0.01209415,0.007072995,0.0005720365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003455603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00184708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004425387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003846673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943094,0.00234624,0.0004522968,0.0003112509,0.001600952,0.0009797069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9719511,0.02313003,0.001428932,0.001544707,0.0009953019,0.0009498995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007049357,0.00006079968,0.001749361,0.00004945927,0.000007131619,0.002303616,0.009216868,0.0002078147,0.0001401507,0.9818382,0.0007468507,0.003609186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001523524,0.00003948119,0.002763495,0.0002241171,0.00006274437,0.008722455,0.03209514,0.002304444,0.0009140279,0.9237238,0.02892408,0.00007378106],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4868122,0.005067493,0.06835959,0.02829207,0.0003318319,0.0003161691,0.0002450504,0.00009458046,0.410481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855238,0.0008526592,0.007651743,0.0006421012,0.0000741036,0.0001369664,0.00006034257,0.00002846587,0.005029859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01042546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05351835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2337435859089639,"score_gpt":0.4245092894423885,"score_spread":0.1907657035334246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}