{"id":"W4379618889","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.2c09118","title":"Elevated Radium Activity in a Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Aquifer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Division of Graduate Education; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation","keywords":"Aquifer; Plume; Environmental chemistry; Sorption; Hydrocarbon; Groundwater; Radium; Contamination; Anoxic waters; Chemistry; Geology; Environmental science; Adsorption; Radiochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000858584,0.0001148359,0.0001904126,0.0002738258,0.0002189039,0.0003317129,0.0001367158,0.0001755622,0.0004110291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001387104,0.0001176835,0.00008118063,0.0003251481,0.0002068486,0.0001495181,0.0002944446,0.0001360862,0.00008580356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004034529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002322209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0109217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01297197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998852,0.00001418147,0.000005074703,0.00003664813,0.00002951953,0.00002922014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999275,0.00001014145,0.00003372453,0.000003723857,0.00001446011,0.00001046967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004288887,0.00007278103,0.1613049,0.00003656768,0.00001800509,0.0002730277,0.000372937,0.001035223,0.8306666,0.00007695696,0.00005622929,0.005657915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002099317,0.0009070176,0.6849854,0.00001015057,0.00004413698,0.0003353569,0.001122778,0.005956246,0.30554,0.0001214125,0.0009335654,0.00002295429],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996858,0.000008385085,0.00008784498,0.000004502428,1.64297e-7,0.000001149031,0.00004605543,0.000008164718,0.0001580041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994422,0.00001986797,0.0002281464,0.000005549324,3.354477e-7,0.000001616973,0.00006213765,0.000001597366,0.0002386821],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0109217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0217163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03133347231153188,"score_gpt":0.3357684629105406,"score_spread":0.3044349905990087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}