{"id":"W4379745568","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109239","title":"Roadmap to modernization of line protection in active distribution systems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","topic":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Upgrade; Reliability engineering; Reliability (semiconductor); Time horizon; Distributed generation; Engineering; Integer programming; Network Access Protection; Fault (geology); Overcurrent; Computer science; Renewable energy; Power (physics); Mathematical optimization; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Computer network","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005349196,0.0001737084,0.0003843881,0.001115768,0.00002522219,0.00007241504,0.0003252269,0.0001616323,0.000004484877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002347498,0.0001666393,0.0001071351,0.001278111,0.00001300055,0.0002605974,0.0000267584,0.0002493533,0.0000183041],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000888989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005322516,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003088243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001401023,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974843,0.0001390744,0.001117213,0.0001597758,0.0008478597,0.0002517858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985036,0.00009373866,0.0003821018,0.0001278031,0.0007947098,0.0000980866],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001965582,0.00005909042,0.0002465988,0.00003130042,0.0002248982,0.00004309779,0.0002821953,0.9764263,0.01597562,0.002557565,0.002566079,0.001390698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001348859,0.0006943985,0.001868662,0.0007925759,0.00002514125,0.0004718676,0.0002138285,0.9429032,0.01790287,0.0001895885,0.03318314,0.0004058605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2162941,0.0005721496,0.7631564,0.0001399132,0.01832199,0.0004176529,0.0000934723,0.0002265078,0.00077785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989942,0.00005179896,0.000009837118,0.000005201136,0.0006022185,0.00004776639,0.00002877837,0.00003595079,0.0002242236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7827002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6795353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01038231907660381,"score_gpt":0.2341882214670542,"score_spread":0.2238059023904504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}