{"id":"W4380153141","doi":"10.1007/s12110-023-09450-6","title":"Parental Investment by Birth Fathers and Stepfathers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Human Nature","topic":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","field":"Psychology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Turun Yliopisto; Academy of Finland; Strategic Research Council; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Residence; Closeness; Investment (military); Psychology; Stepfamily; Developmental psychology; Parental investment; Population; Demography; Demographic economics; Economics; Pregnancy; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001333353,0.0001625811,0.0001369724,0.0001388739,0.0002681085,0.00002145265,0.0001635415,0.0004038698,0.002828257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003367707,0.0001534326,0.00005176944,0.0001622138,0.0002313966,0.00005504902,0.00004312739,0.0005775943,0.001000845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002903212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006110561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001069531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001532684,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989296,0.00008357113,0.0001451858,0.0004017814,0.000125632,0.0003141812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995161,0.00002912788,0.00005320002,0.0002873598,0.00001412615,0.0001000402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003928214,0.0001844833,0.07842474,0.000008294687,0.00007791074,0.00006695639,0.003325491,3.122791e-7,0.001926457,0.06456822,0.8507437,0.0006341915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001225223,0.0001895993,0.741685,0.00001174283,0.00002826355,0.00002959458,0.001765186,0.000001029606,0.00001830342,0.003321344,0.251471,0.000253787],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684603,0.00225821,8.026829e-7,0.0003676954,0.0007148315,0.0002011632,0.0001066202,0.0002665444,0.02762386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9478567,0.00001685904,0.00001353646,0.001688334,0.0001178143,0.00005961465,0.0002299006,0.00003055261,0.04998669],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6632602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02498853865001127,"score_gpt":0.3415374029413386,"score_spread":0.3165488642913273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}