{"id":"W4381194231","doi":"10.3386/w31365","title":"The Historical Impact of Coal on Cities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Urbanization and City Planning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Carnegie Mellon University","keywords":"Coal; Environmental science; Geography; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003745292,0.000121842,0.0001036392,0.0009837305,0.001288214,0.00172263,0.0003443072,0.0006038898,0.004687343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001434292,0.0001740826,0.000135269,0.003113586,0.001656054,0.001712206,0.001672702,0.0009019464,0.000334176],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005111595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001079064,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03507755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09428752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994979,0.000144854,0.00002182657,0.00008946879,0.0001337662,0.0001121196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994342,0.0001116047,0.0001296844,0.00006193364,0.0001695695,0.00009305768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001692846,0.0001485927,0.171012,0.0005186526,0.00009127239,0.001209714,0.006319542,0.01938324,0.001966844,0.6715325,0.02479746,0.102851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001100739,0.0001060694,0.3790919,0.0003875427,0.00004471904,0.0006936682,0.006905317,0.004019532,0.002025699,0.02866184,0.5779795,0.00007310072],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8146414,0.01490351,0.002375666,0.01762854,0.0003313254,0.00001653571,0.002589669,0.00004403671,0.1474693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837213,0.008509411,0.0003918691,0.0004696738,0.0001660702,0.000005943622,0.0003447861,0.00001817703,0.006372835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03507755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06974673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6663104881869368,"score_gpt":0.6086182645968011,"score_spread":0.05769222359013571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}