{"id":"W4381233144","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4485001","title":"Accuracy of Change Detection and Volume Calculations Using Uav-Based Imagery of Sedimentary Rock Outcrops on the Niagara Escarpment, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Escarpment; Outcrop; Geology; Sedimentary rock; Volume (thermodynamics); Geomorphology; Archaeology; Paleontology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002505298,0.0003275237,0.0002927729,0.001316436,0.0004923851,0.001170029,0.0007046554,0.0002410778,0.001579479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001919754,0.0002560833,0.0002355554,0.001237766,0.0002975565,0.0003627389,0.0003137331,0.0002026325,0.0005203072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002074383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002100357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.793061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8688622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99968,0.00001855822,0.00001451505,0.00008448437,0.0001441952,0.00005817683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992515,0.0001454009,0.00007253212,0.00006541829,0.0004200602,0.00004510426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009030181,0.0001423923,0.5479451,0.0002786277,0.0002667362,0.0002211628,0.001192551,0.1073596,0.03977436,0.0006031119,0.007902849,0.2934105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003921416,0.00002751706,0.783537,0.00005021488,0.00005546473,0.0000702971,0.0006246275,0.2047831,0.007797984,0.0001565292,0.002823424,0.00003475412],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859596,0.0003516945,0.004338309,0.00006604701,0.00003099842,0.00003767051,0.003611176,0.0006812697,0.004923048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920495,0.0001108812,0.005106299,0.000008240421,0.000003973783,0.000008941403,0.001832244,0.00004735297,0.0008325916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.206939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4163154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04142933578490392,"score_gpt":0.2449084447669916,"score_spread":0.2034791089820877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}