{"id":"W4381335841","doi":"10.1007/s12517-023-11543-6","title":"Shear strength, adsorption, and microstructural behavior of sand-bentonite and sand-kaolinite mixtures contaminated with heavy metals","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cohesion (chemistry); Kaolinite; Atterberg limits; Bentonite; Geotechnical engineering; Shear strength (soil); Compressive strength; Compaction; Adsorption; Materials science; Soil water; Environmental science; Geology; Water content; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Soil science; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001799817,0.0002475931,0.0002011516,0.0005747117,0.0002685176,0.0002718074,0.0001792883,0.0002384201,0.0007488004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003132743,0.0002136418,0.0002921353,0.000279228,0.0001853781,0.0002259661,0.0001816571,0.000248437,0.0001180858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002870579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002237022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006748335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008055736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998612,0.00001298291,0.00001473015,0.00002863623,0.00005244048,0.00002991233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997925,0.0000490083,0.00005295864,0.000006730874,0.00006313024,0.00003566025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001087911,0.00008451236,0.03143531,0.00009013004,0.0000921416,0.0001087462,0.00009497097,0.001988503,0.9616116,0.00009976002,0.00005599003,0.003250486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002116064,0.0008115239,0.2156865,0.00001291227,0.0001320481,0.0001886285,0.00037389,0.01414945,0.7676815,0.0001016687,0.000806447,0.0000342532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995075,0.00009885195,0.0001143331,0.000005503427,0.000002485939,0.000002507408,0.00008193607,0.000002607106,0.000184205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993343,0.00007288908,0.0001069221,0.000005693646,0.000001609903,0.000002284209,0.0001135478,0.000001721973,0.0003609672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006748335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01341814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009849063360314056,"score_gpt":0.225668063321471,"score_spread":0.215818999961157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}