{"id":"W4381384296","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2023.06.004","title":"Large Language Models in Ophthalmology Scientific Writing: Ethical Considerations Blurred Lines or Not at All?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Bausch Health","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Engineering ethics; Medicine; Political science; Engineering; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04204467,0.0006953885,0.002342873,0.002755937,0.0008049154,0.00684044,0.002524887,0.004649793,0.006697678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1072496,0.0006884738,0.002066003,0.002800561,0.004606788,0.01066228,0.003793452,0.007214708,0.001876628],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003098365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01044228,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003222438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006308978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9758028,0.01806078,0.001728138,0.0005756019,0.003480442,0.0003522731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8342444,0.1478798,0.005854257,0.004160263,0.006728793,0.001132518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001418159,0.00007038015,0.0003500903,0.01305618,0.0004037614,0.00007299474,0.0003928601,0.0006256302,0.0001228045,0.03601545,0.07580159,0.8729465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004783851,0.0001632891,0.001551704,0.08592716,0.001149238,0.0008479672,0.0006039651,0.001974128,0.0004862714,0.1322736,0.7744248,0.0001195462],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002576933,0.9729033,0.001841372,0.02266036,0.0008039555,0.00002993837,0.00004787808,0.00003586142,0.001419664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01203981,0.9586915,0.008292309,0.01620689,0.0030646,0.0002595106,0.0001810843,0.00005908703,0.001205228],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9953502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2223561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4459788963411521,"score_gpt":0.5478379094688968,"score_spread":0.1018590131277447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}