{"id":"W4381686492","doi":"10.1186/s12964-023-01171-8","title":"Islets in the body are never flat: transitioning from two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture to three-dimensional (3D) spheroid for better efficiency in the generation of functional hPSC-derived pancreatic β cells in vitro","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Cell Communication and Signaling","topic":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Qatar National Library; Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University","keywords":"Progenitor cell; Cell biology; Biology; Transplantation; Cell therapy; Cell culture; Cell; Stem cell; In vivo; Pancreatic islets; Regeneration (biology); Islet; Insulin; Cancer research; Medicine; Internal medicine; Endocrinology; Biotechnology; Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001145586,0.0003192641,0.0009086679,0.0002524865,0.0001910589,0.0000491125,0.0002541747,0.0002196143,0.0000716308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009736331,0.0002070374,0.0002094273,0.0005581479,0.00005431623,0.00009314136,0.00005232926,0.000587498,0.00001503743],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008452139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001341748,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001391493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006719039,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974765,0.0006268691,0.0008781599,0.0003861968,0.0003923434,0.0002399809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972632,0.001705751,0.0003040385,0.0005571179,0.0001166513,0.00005323982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001819485,0.002032555,0.0005558048,0.009878633,0.0006391676,0.00005574116,0.0179283,0.04341591,0.8678638,0.0002633918,0.006599081,0.04894819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04838357,0.002101102,0.006479389,0.1109088,0.01047463,0.0001610949,0.01324464,0.5508116,0.07232127,0.003779966,0.1748916,0.006442363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3750036,0.6189978,0.001188661,0.001188806,0.0001572673,0.003167751,0.0001148664,0.00003293671,0.0001483297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7620682,0.2000253,0.01399425,0.01149336,0.0009075917,0.002263332,0.00877651,0.0002148791,0.0002565784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7955425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8442739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06572514268313809,"score_gpt":0.292632606784882,"score_spread":0.2269074641017439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}