{"id":"W4382135830","doi":"10.1017/aju.2023.21","title":"Automating Racialization in International Law","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AJIL Unbound","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Racialization; Political science; Sociology; Immigration; Immigration law; Law; Law and economics; Political economy; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006024239,0.00004935239,0.0000586916,0.0001182042,0.0003080814,0.0001616156,0.0001247244,0.00006391449,0.0003421108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003362446,0.00005105157,0.0000243632,0.0004936611,0.00007552696,0.0004650466,0.00001439309,0.00005349787,0.0002262235],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001280337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008586861,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004139815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09120381,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991838,0.00008980878,0.0001779084,0.0001207605,0.0002807649,0.0001469818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997086,0.00005956737,0.0000565599,0.00006301943,0.00008313845,0.000029121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002948032,0.00001900211,0.01079332,0.00000329564,0.000005003296,0.000001897178,0.03271611,0.00008540984,0.00027029,0.946943,0.002506517,0.006653169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004939903,0.00002630755,0.05593723,0.00007027823,0.000006835049,7.25655e-7,0.008863484,0.01439906,0.0003612803,0.07407226,0.8454911,0.0002775358],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7491112,0.00002898198,0.0007000301,0.001775194,0.001312364,0.000185389,0.000004580762,0.0002975316,0.2465848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927923,0.0000739275,0.000118411,0.000232062,0.0003516389,0.00001590515,0.00009269459,0.000006147448,0.00631691],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8728708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9253793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02530208948425572,"score_gpt":0.351027840721266,"score_spread":0.3257257512370103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}